Melvilles Men :: Argumentative Argument Philosophy Papers

Melvilles MenThe body of this argument lies in a meager psychoanalysis of Melville. I soak up had to take a very broad approach, look at Melville purely as a man. I have attempt to put the reader into Melvilles head, where I have attempted to put myself. To better achieve this I discuss much of Melvilles background, hoping to give the reader a sense of what he had experienced. I have written with confidence, but hopefully not too much, you must decide for yourselves what of mine you feel is right. It is always very hard to use psychoanalytical approaches, because, as the mind is a mystery, it is each ultimately unproved. All psychoanalytical opinion is based on event, as all psychology is based on the idea that men atomic number 18 shaped by experience. I speculate below, on things I cannot really know, and I do this only to achieve some rough personal connections between Melville and his Moby-Dick. It serves me, and I hope you as well.Herman Melville might have been a homosexua l, or at least(prenominal), a lover of men. Of course the word, Homosexual did not exist in Melvilles time and so he could not really be a homosexual. Besides this, there is little to no evidence that Melville ever did, or sought after to engage in genital, homosexual sex. There is no way of knowing that he was homosexual, but there are many implications that he at least had strong affections toward men. The question is How was this reflected in what is generally considered to be Melvilles greatest work, Moby-Dick? Or one could even ask, how does the homoeroticism, ever present in Moby-Dick, reflect on Melvilles have got sexuality? Because homoeroticism, or rather, male friendships are such a large theme in Moby-Dick, one might also think to ask what it all means to the greater message of the book. The parallels between Melvilles own sexual identity and the sexual identity of his protagonist, Ishmael are quite strong. Thus it follows that Moby-Dick might have been Melvilles attem pt to understand his own sexuality and its course, or at least his fantasy. Sigmund Freud theorized that while most male children are secretly attracted to their mothers, homosexual male children oasis attraction toward their fathers. While I am not calling him a homosexual, it seems clear to me that Melvilles relationship with his father must have effected him. I take away the effect to be negative, because, Allan Melville was not a model father.

The Effect Of Advertising On P :: essays research papers

What does it mean to be physically fit? Does it mean you can throw a football game standardized John Elway, or hit a baseball like Sammy Sosa? Does it mean you can run a mile in one hundred spot weather under twelve minutes, or swim fifteen laps across a pool in one minute? Is physical fitness cosmos anorexic or being on steroids. Thats what the media makes it look like. The average female super model is up to fifty pounds underweight. Sixty-two percent of football players take some form of muscle enhancing product. Many girls worry about their physical appearance. They want to look like the model in this add for Calvin Klein and some new(prenominal) advertisements. They think thats how everyone wants them to look. Many will go to any length to get that way. That often leads to serious eating disorders like anorexia. Its crazy because even out the models dont look like the adds. Almost ninety-six percent of magazine and t.v adds be touched up by computer to look perfect. The deed advertising has on some peoples personal appearance is bad. Even people that dont develop eating disorders still touch sensation bad about themselves at one point or another because they dont look like the advertisements, like society wants them to look. The standard that the media shows has other negative effects besides eating disorders. It can also lead to shame, guilt, stress, depression, and a lack of confidence. Its not proficient girls that are shown in these ads. Guys are shown that they should be muscular, and well built. They sometimes turn to steroids to get like that. Some even develop eating disorders. Guys also get a lack of confidence, they just wont admit it. Most advertising discourages acceptance of people that are different than you. They show you people that look almost perfect, and a kettle of fish of people judge you on how you look compared to the models on t.v and in magazines. Advertisers shouldnt focus so much on what a person looks like.

Childhood Guidelines :: essays research papers

When, it comes to raising a nestling a p arnt doesnt really deliver guidelines. They want their kid to be successful, intelligent ,with what they take aim in life to be a good adult. But what do they need? I look three good things that a p arent necessitate to teach their kids is good morals, respect, and independence. If these three things are integrated into a childhood, past I think that that child will be able to become a good human being.Morals are a big part of childhood, because there are so many of them. What the difference between right and equipment casualty is. If stealing is alright. We are not born with these inbeded into our heads. We see them from watching people. Just like how we learn to talk, we mimic our parents behavior. Parents are our biggest influence on us. They should show us their good morals. Of course everyone isnt perfect, and we all make mistakes, yet when we do something wrong in calculate of a child we say something a languish the lines as What you just saw, dont ever do it. because we dont want our children to do what we think is wrong. Morals dictate a tidy sum of our lives Our jobs, what we learn in school and what we learn from people revolve around our morals. If we dont take that something isnt right, then we dont do it, and we learn that from our parents. Thats why morals are a big part of childhood.What we need to be taught is respect. Respect is major idea that needs to be carefully grown and cared for in children. If a child doesnt have respect for people then they will not be able to get a job, and if they do, they wont respect what they have and will stick out it. If they dont have respect for school then they are received to drop out because they feel they can do without, not knowing the benefits of teaching and learning. If we dont show our children respect, then generations to come will lose respect for things that which we hold dear. Thats why our children need to know respect is important.Independ ence is something that comes with time. While we are young, we cling to our mothers for safety. We then start to crawl, yet when we are scared we cry until our mother picks us up.Childhood Guidelines essays research papers When, it comes to raising a child a parent doesnt really have guidelines. They want their kid to be successful, intelligent ,with what they need in life to be a good adult. But what do they need? I think three good things that a parent needs to teach their kids is good morals, respect, and independence. If these three things are integrated into a childhood, then I think that that child will be able to become a good human being.Morals are a big part of childhood, because there are so many of them. What the difference between right and wrong is. If stealing is alright. We are not born with these inbeded into our heads. We get them from watching people. Just like how we learn to talk, we mimic our parents behavior. Parents are our biggest influence on us. They sho uld show us their good morals. Of course everyone isnt perfect, and we all make mistakes, yet when we do something wrong in front of a child we say something a long the lines as What you just saw, dont ever do it. because we dont want our children to do what we think is wrong. Morals dictate a lot of our lives Our jobs, what we learn in school and what we learn from people revolve around our morals. If we dont believe that something isnt right, then we dont do it, and we learn that from our parents. Thats why morals are a big part of childhood.What we need to be taught is respect. Respect is major idea that needs to be carefully grown and cared for in children. If a child doesnt have respect for people then they will not be able to get a job, and if they do, they wont respect what they have and will lose it. If they dont have respect for school then they are sure to drop out because they feel they can do without, not knowing the benefits of teaching and learning. If we dont show our children respect, then generations to come will lose respect for things that which we hold dear. Thats why our children need to know respect is important.Independence is something that comes with time. While we are young, we cling to our mothers for safety. We then start to crawl, yet when we are scared we cry until our mother picks us up.

Lust and the Degeneration of Man Exposed in Shakespeare’s Sonnet 129 Es

Lust and the Degeneration of Man Exposed in Shakespeares 129th Sonnet Love in its purest form is the most unsurpassable of in all emotions, requiring intense commitment, while simultaneously providing incomparable bliss. However, often the intense desire for these feelings produces a new emotion, lust, with a craving that gives priority to obtaining an objectified person, as opposed to a very real human. Lust can be further practically defined as the inability to place selfless love on a higher pedestal than selfish desire. Shakespeare explores these conflicting definitions of lust in his 129th sonnet, condemning his animalistic variations of lust that coexist with his desire for a genuine state of love. As opposed to following the traditional convention of idealizing a woman and her attributes, Shakespeare breaks the concordance and focuses on the dehumanizing effect of the womans attributes on his character. The general trend in this sonnet is the speakers analysis of the mental methods through which he has admired a woman. He attempts to craftily define lust so as to rationalize his actions to be correct. However, he gradually gains the knowledge that the lust he has felt is sacrilegious, and must cease. Sonnet 129 opens as the speaker is in great sorrow due to the shallow quality that has permeated his love. He feels as though he has been exhausted of his physical, mental, and moral strength in his pursuit for mutual love. An expense of enliven in a waste of shame is the mark of an ill-fated desire that has missed its point of satisfaction, lost in a deep cavern of an inevitable nature. When humans fall into such depths of despair, it is quite natural to fall back into the animalistic undertones that creep ste... ...9). kit and caboodle CitedFineman, Joel. Shakespeares Perjured Eye The Invention of Poetic Subjectivity in the Sonnets. Berkeley, U of California P, 1988.Leisham, Stephen. The Riddle of Shakespeares Sonnets. New York Basic Books, 1982. Landry, Scott. ed. A Companion to Shakespeare. Oxford Blackwell, 2001. Martin, Philip. Shakespeares Sonnets Self, Love and Art. Cambridge Cambridge UP, 1972.Shakespeare, William. Shakespeares Sonnets. Ed. G. Blakemore Evans. Cambridge Cambridge UP, 1996.Vendler, Helen. The Art of Shakespeares Sonnets. Cambridge, MA, and London Harvard UP, 1999. Winny, James. The Master-Mistress A Study of Shakespeares Sonnets. London Chatto and Windus, 1968.Works ConsultedFiedler, Leslie A. Some Contexts of Shakespeares Sonnets. The Riddle of Shakespeares Sonnets. London Routledge and Kegan Paul, 1962.

Japanese Internment :: essays research papers

After the Japanese attacked Pearl Harbor in December 1941, the United States was fill up with panic. Along the Pacific coast of the U.S., where residents feared more Japanese attacks on their cities, homes, and businesses, this feeling was especially great. During the time preceding World War II, there were approximately 112,000 persons of Japanese descent living in California, Arizona, and coastal Oregon and Washington. These immigrants traveled to American hoping to be free, acquire jobs, and for some a chance to start a new-made life. Some immigrants worked in mines, others helped to develop the United States Railroad, many were fishermen, farmers, and some agricultural laborers. Inevitably, after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, that began World War II, Japanese-Americans were frowned upon and stamp because of their descent. However, Japanese immigrants contributed to economic expansion of the United States. Whites re directed the Japanese immigrants, but reaped economic profit from the Japanese-American residents discipline and hard work. Japanese-Americans of this time seem to be attacked however, they choose to proceed their disconnection with the rest of the Americans. Many Japanese felt they had superiority over Americans, creating tension and disconnection. Nevertheless, Japanese were resented and disliked by whites. Due to pressure from state leading near the west coast, President Roosevelt, on February 19, 1942, signed Executive Order 9066. This resulted in the which resulted in the violent imprisonment of 120,000 community of Japanese ancestry. When the government gave its captivity order, whites rounded up, imprisoned, and exiled their Japanese neighbors. In 1942, 110,000 Japanese Americans living on the West Coast of the United States were relocated to ten internment camps. More than two thirds of those sent to internment camps, under the Executive Order, had never shown disloyalty and were also citizens of the United States. In April 1942, the War Relocation Authority was created to control the assembly centers, relocation centers, and internment camps, and wangle the relocation of Japanese-Americans. It took another forty years for the US government to recognize the violations of this populations constitutional rights. The internment camps were permanent detention camps that held internees from March, 1942 until their closing in 1945 and 1946. Although the camps held captive people of many different origins, the majority of the prisoners were Japanese-Americans. There were ten different relocation centers located across the United States during the war. These Japanese Americans, half of whom were children, were incarcerated for up to 4 years, without collectable process of law or any factual basis, in bleak, remote camps surrounded by barbed wire and armed guards.

Japanese Internment :: essays research papers

After the Nipponese attacked Pearl Harbor in December 1941, the United States was filled with panic. Along the Pacific coast of the U.S., where residents feared more Japanese attacks on their cities, homes, and businesses, this feeling was especially great. During the time preceding World War II, there were approximately 112,000 persons of Japanese descent sustainment in California, Arizona, and coastal operating theater and Washington. These immigrants traveled to American hoping to be free, acquire jobs, and for some a chance to start a new life. Some immigrants worked in mines, others helped to develop the United States Railroad, some(prenominal) were fishermen, farmers, and some agricultural laborers. Inevitably, after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, that began World War II, Japanese-Americans were frowned upon and stereotyped because of their descent. However, Japanese immigrants contributed to economic expansion of the United States. Whites resented the Japanese immig rants, but reaped economic profit from the Japanese-American residents discipline and hard work. Japanese-Americans of this time seem to be attacked however, they choose to uphold their disconnection with the rest of the Americans. Many Japanese felt they had superiority over Americans, creating decadesion and disconnection. Nevertheless, Japanese were resented and disliked by whites. Due to pressure from state leaders near the west coast, President Roosevelt, on February 19, 1942, sign-language(a) Executive Order 9066. This resulted in the which resulted in the violent imprisonment of 120,000 people of Japanese ancestry. When the government gave its internment order, whites rounded up, imprisoned, and exiled their Japanese neighbors. In 1942, 110,000 Japanese Americans living on the West Coast of the United States were relocated to ten internment camps. More than two thirds of those sent to internment camps, under the Executive Order, had never shown disloyalty and were excessiv ely citizens of the United States. In April 1942, the War Relocation Authority was created to control the assembly centers, relocation centers, and internment camps, and oversee the relocation of Japanese-Americans. It took another forty years for the US government to recognize the violations of this populations constitutional rights. The internment camps were permanent detention camps that held internees from March, 1942 until their closing in 1945 and 1946. Although the camps held captive people of many different origins, the majority of the prisoners were Japanese-Americans. There were ten different relocation centers located across the United States during the war. These Japanese Americans, half of whom were children, were incarcerated for up to 4 years, without due process of law or any existent basis, in bleak, remote camps surrounded by barbed wire and armed guards.

Leadership from Genghis Khan Essay

In 1165, a child was born in the heart of Asia. It is verbalise that when he was born, he was clutching a extraction clot-a sign from Heaven that he was destined to be a great warrior. His name is Genghis caravanserai, meaning Universal Ruler. The word khan is not a name, but a title. It authority emperor or king. This word had been usaged by different communitys or nations in various forms in central Asia. Genghis caravanserai is the most greatest among those caravanserais.(Abbott, 1902) His career was about to become a legend in human history. Many people believe that his story is full of butchery people and some scholars even compared him to Hitler. The real character of Genghis Khan, how constantly, is far more intriguing. How did this illite esteem outcast turn the disputeing tribes of Mongolia into a bureauful nation? And how did he understand the Mongol hordes into a ruthless and disciplined fighting machine?Snapshot of Genghis KhanGenghis Khan was born with the name of Temujin in 1165 on the banks of the river Onon. When he was 9 years old, he met his fathers death, poisoned by Tatars, who were the dominant tribe in eastern Mongolia at that time. None of his fathers followers insufficiency to be led by a 9 years old boy, but neither did they want to kill Temujin for fear of starting a feud with his fathers relatives. His fathers followers left Temujin and his m another(prenominal) by the clan, who are afraid of him succeeding to his fathers position. later on that, Temujin began survival. He became the youth who fought for survival of him and his mother, abandoned by his fathers followers after the murder of his father. (Historic World Leaders, 1994) When he was 14, he was taken prisoners by the Taichiuts. However, he escaped successfully.Then he soon married to his first wife, Borte. Unluckily, his wife was later captured by his enemy. He indeed united Jamuka, who is his blood brother, and Toghrill to rescue his wife. notwithstanding after this rescue, the gap between Temujin and his blood brother was becoming more and more large because both he and Jamuka are persons who are eager to be the leader of clan. They both want to be the Khan who nookie unite the Mongol. They cannot stand to become the leader assistance. In 1185, he Mongol princes acclaimed Temujin as their ruler. After that, he experienced tremendous setbacks and overcame. (Historic World Leaders, 1994) In 1206, Temujin united all(a) the tribes in Mongol, he was proclaimed to the emperor of all Mongols, and given the title Genghis Khan, which means Universal Monarch.After that, Genghis Khan began his conquering to Asia and Europe. During the followed two decades, Genghis Khan would lay the foundations for the largest empire ever known. (Xu, 2002) In 1213, the Mongolian crossed the Great Wall, public exposure out to northern part of China. Genghis Khans army sacked Beijing in 1215. In 1219, He began his bloody slaughters, moving westward. In 1227 , it is said that he died because the internal injury suffered after falling from his horse. At that time, the land he conquered was from the borders of Turkey to Russia to northern India to China.(Schlager and Lauer, 2001) However, it is undeniable that Genghis Khan is a slaughter when he was conquering.It is said that every time his army conquered a city, they would kill all the men whose height is over the height of wheel and put all the women, elderly, and children into slavery. in that respect is a statistics states that the Mongolian army led by Genghis Khan killed 30 cardinal people in China, 200 million people in gist including Asia and Europe. In 1122, there are 93.47 million people in China. However, in 1274, when the Yuan dynasty was established by Genghis Khans descendants, there were only 8.87 million people in China. () There was once a rumor, which proved to be not real, said he killed 1,748,000 people in one hour. (Qing, 2011)Leadership TraitsGenghis Khan has a ma jority of leadership traits, which does not change as him moves from situation to situation. I will analyze three aspects traits of Genghis Khan, which are physical or scope traits, personality of ability traits, and task or social traits. Physical and background traitFrom the perspectives of physical and background trait, he is always being an energetic person. He spent his whole life on integration different tribes in Mongolia and conquering lands as large as possible. When he died, his emperor controlled a percentage that stretched from the borders of Turkey to China to Russia to northern India. However, he is illiterate all his life, not ever educated.Personality or ability traitFrom the perspective of personality or ability traits, Genghis Khan is the person who has a rum personality and charisma. He is a very creative person. The nomadic tribe was a backward tribe at that time. The weapons they mainly used are bow-and-arrow and sword. Genghis Khan developed different kind of technology during the conquest. He invented central Asian compound bow, which had the very(prenominal) power as to the European crossbow. He combined powder to the arrow, which did a great contribution to destroy the heavy European armour.Also, He invented the Mongol military tactical manoeuvre and organization helped the Mongol Emperor to conquer nearly all of continental Asia, the Middle East and parts of eastern Europe. In many ways, it can be regarded as the first modern military system. (May, 2007) He is self-confidence, but not ego. He did not need any comments on his self-confidence because when one terce of the world is under your control, you did not lack for self-confidence. As a tactician and strategist, he was initiative and superb at seizing opportunities. He was also flexible in adapting to change situations. Genghis Khan once saw the new needs of his policy he had created, he responded.Social traitFrom the perspective of social traits, he is noteworthy for coop erating with his followers to come up with the strategy or new inventions. His inspirational leadership made his followers loyal to him. Genghis Khan has excellent organizational skills and he is talented in sociability. He is a disciplined person, same as his army. Because of his organizational an strategic skills, he created one of the most highly effective armies in history, he was given birth to administrate this army. (May, 2003)Leadership BehaviorA safe(p) leader is someone who does not rent plans for the grouping, but to influence the group members toward the achievement of group goals in which the members view the influence as legitimate. A good leader is not only organizing the group, but to unite the group members to draw great effectiveness. Throughout Genghis Khans life, he used several leadership behaviors to influence his followers.Directive Leadership BehaviorGenghis Khan has a visual sense that defines and articulates clearly where he wants to go. He sets goals for followers, planning and coordinating followers work. As a commander and a statesman, he is always far-sighted strategic thinking. For example, Genghis Khans ultimate goal is to conquer the central part of China. However, after establishing his own regime in eastern Mongolia, contrary to expectations, he did not to attack the Jin Dynasty, which took over the northern part of China during that time by Jurchen people. Because he knew that even if he could win in the beginning, he would be attacked by other tribes in the middle west of the Mongolia. So, he did not attempt a direct attack on northern China, but to desire to concentrate on integrating Mongolia.(Qing, 2011)Charismatic Leadership BehaviorI think the own charismas of Genghis Khan is the key reason why he could become success. Genghis Khan has a unique personality and charisma. It has been remarked that one of Genghis Khans greatest assets was his personal charisma, what R. P. Lister called the power to arouse exaltation in his followers, so that they are no thirster moved entirely by thoughts of self-preservation, but become slightly mad. (Historic World Leaders, 2011)It is surprised that all his comrades showed long time loyalty to him, no one ever betray him. He never doubt about his comrades loyalty. After every time success, he always awarded his ministers. He never killed them in order to pass more power, but to assign the power to his ministers.Leader Reward and Punishment Behavior unity of the obvious leadership behaviors of Genghis Khan is that he reward success. He advocated that if they defeated the enemy, everyone should be assigned spoils. He always rewards those people who have done great contribution to success. He punished those people who disobey his equity or rules. Every followers need to clear his rules, and rigorously obeyed. For example, if a soldier deserted his troop, he was executed. If a soldier failed to stop to help a fellow warrior whose baggage fell from his horse, he was executed. If two or more members of a troop made a great advance, but were not support by their comrades, the latter were executed. (Man, 2009)Participative Leadership BehaviorUnlike other rulers, Genghis Khan involved in conquest every time. He spend all his life on conquering, even to his death. In history, there are few rulers who can participate in the conquest as he did. He is also good at taking counsel from other people. He shows great respect to people who counsel. He always involve followers in the decision-making process. He can always get the right people, and use them well. For example, during his early years conquest, he had simply killed everyone who stood in his way. A former official of the Chinese emperor told Genghis Khan that they could pay him valuable tax money to finance further warfare if he would not continue killing people in the lands they conquered. Genghis Khan legitimate this advice. (Schlager and Lauer, 2001)Genghis Khans Leadership Behavior in Hospitality Industry As a ruler of the empire which had the largest territory in the world ever. Genghis Khans greatest assets was his personal charisma. How can I use Genghis Khans leadership traits and behaviors for my career in hospitality industry? Can his leadership traits and leadership behaviors be used in hospitality industry? In the following paragraph, I will mainly analyze on how to apply his magnetized leadership behavior and his leader reward and penalty behavior in hospitality industry. There are mainly three attributions of Genghis khans magnetised behavior have strong influence on his followers attitudes, behaviors, and values. First, Get a Vision. In hospitality industry, even the same as the other industry, it is a great deal for a leader to have a resource.Genghis Khan has a great vision ability, he always clear what to do next. When Genghis Khan began to conquer the Mongol, he had a vision that unity could defeat any singles. In the end, his tribal unity thre atened all his rivals. With time button on, his vision is becoming larger and larger unite nation, build up an empire, even conquer the world. (Encyclopedia of World Biography, 1998) The general manager, as a leader in a hotel, needs to have a right vision and influence followers to dream it up. A general manager of a hotel should analyze the hotel objective, and then have a vision that what this hotel needs most at this time. A hotel general manager should have a vision by considering questions like these How to use the efficient administration to ascend the RevPar? What kind of marketing strategy does the hotel need to have under the specific circumstances? Do customers enjoy our armed services? What is the relevancy stuff between the needs of employees and the needs of the hotel.A hotel general manager should also have the vision changed with situation goes on. Second, employ the best, use the right person. One of the most charismatic traits of Genghis Khan is that he is brilli ant in using people, no matter who they are. For example, he once found one of his prisoners, who has the administrative skills he lacked, but needed. His companions are people from different places, including Mongolian, Jurchen, Chinese, Jin etc..Choosing the right man, Mongol or non-Mongol, was one of Genghiss supreme talents. (Shelton, 2005) However, in nowadays world, so many leaders do not like the people who are better than them because they are seen not as an asset but a threat. In hospitality industry, since the service is intangible, perishable, inseparate, and variable. Customers valued the hotel not only from the scales, but also the service.It is very essential for a leader in hospitality industry to use the right person in different positions to expand the profits. Employ good employees is only the first step for a manger to go, the more significant is to use employees well. Moreover, the turnover rate in hospitality industry is usually very high, employees always chang e jobs because of not satisfy with their jobs. Employees would not make commitments to employers if managers do not treat the traffic with employees well. Managers should recognize that every employees need to be satisfied with their basic demands, which are not the money, honors, or high-positions, but to discover their own value. Third, perseverance. During Genghis Khans childhood, he risked for survival. When he was grown up, he kept on conquering till the last day of his life.Genghis Khan focus on one purpose in his life, which is to see his enemies brought to justice. He insisted on achieving this purpose all his life. He was never distracted by a desire for possessions or wealth as he became more powerful. In nowadays hospitality industry, perseverance also plays a significant role to a leader. In China, hospitality industry is a close developing industry in recent years. Those international hotel brands, such as, Marriott, Hilton, and Carlson, are increasing star-scale hote ls in China every year. Though there are a majority of opportunities in this industry, a lot of people choose to leave this industry but contribute to other industry, such as, finance or accounting. As a hotel leader, or even the employees in basic unit, persistence in hospitality industry can make you success.Because there are more opportunities in this industry than others. For example, the finance industry is almost saturated, it is very hard to move forward in this kind of industry. In China, a hospitality major student may start a basic salary, which is usually lower than other industry, in a hotel. However, this industry is having a lot of opportunities and less risky. In the same uncertainty situation, choose less risky industry would bring more return. So, it is necessary for a hotel manager to hold on consistently and persistently in this industry. Genghis Khans leader directive behavior can be applied well in hospitality industry. Genghis Khan has a great vision of what h e and his Mongol hordes need to do. Genghis Khan made clear and firm rules for his hordes. Everyone has to obey the rule, even the royal family.This is also a significant step in establishing Genghis Khans hold over all the people and aligning them in support of his expansionist policies. He distributed different work to his followers and all of his followers made great commitments in return. In hospitality industry, the reason of some of the employees bad performance of services is that they are nor clear for their goals or not clear about the rules. At this time, a directive leader is certainly needed to pursuit followers, make a task-oriented, and specify rules. Also, Leader reward and punishment behavior is needed in hospitality industry. Hotel managers or supervisors should clear about the merits and achievements of their followers. They can build up a salary system to reward and make theLeaders should distribute fairly to followers so that followers will follow them loyally.Co nclusionGenghis Khan was not only a ruler, but a unifier. Because of his conquest, he build up his empire stretching from Korea to Western Russia in the north and from Burma to Iraq in the south, opening up the road from eastern world to western world. Even, he made the foundation of the Eurasian history. Due to Genghis khan, the travel between East and West became relatively safe, which had not been exist for a very long period. However, he was also know as a harsh and mercilessly conqueror in history. In terms of leadership, Genghis Khan is a charismatic leader. He was on the button clear of his purpose, having a great vision, and insisting on that. He was humble, accepting criticism. He has a great ability of using the right people. His strategic and organizational skills created one of the most highly disciplined armies in history. Even in the hospitality industry, his leadership behaviors and traits can also be applied, and have contributions to it. People could watch from him in order to gain the benefits in their career.

Journal on Note Taking Essay

Lecture notes play an important role in preparing for examinations, as it may ensure the achiever of students. Many students do not have adequate note-taking skills, and this contribute a lot to the creation of incomplete and unrelated notes (Kiewra, 2002). Researchers suggest that the act of note-taking derriere need students in learnedness tasks and deepen their understanding and tycoon to apply new material (Katayama & Crooks, 2003). Note-taking offers three important premises for university students. First, the act of note-taking may have an becharm on the encoding function of the brain, which engages the learners attention and subsequently moves the information into long-term memory. Secondly, note-taking will make the students less dependent on their instructors notes, as they contain personally meaningful information that might help in the recall process. Thirdly, it may help students with learning difficulties.To begin with, note-taking is inbred to the students acade mic success (Kiewra & Benton, 1988 Titsworth, 2001). In taking notes, students relate lecture topics to their own background knowledge, which in turn may increase their recognition of the topic, and eventually synthesises with the recall of the material presented (Brazeau, 2006 Castello & Monereo, 2005 DiVesta & Gray, 1972).It has been proven that students that are successful have a predisposition to go back to their lecture notes as an essential range of their preparation for examinations. This, therefore, point to one premise, as noted by Kiewra & Benton, 1988 and Titsworth, 2001, that it is very much essential for the academic success of students.Such importance, however, snitchs a negative side, which can be founded on the students inadequacy in inculcating adequate note-taking skills. This drawback often results in the student coming into possession of incomplete and unrelated notes (Kiewra, 2002). Observations reveal how in lecture settings, they record only between 11-70% of the important information delivered (Anderson & Armbruster, 1991 Kiewra, 1985). Such a dismal insight may validate presumption that students with learning difficulties be in worse position, when they record even less information (Boyle, 2007 Kirby, Silvesni, Allingham, Parrila, & La Pave, 2008 Suritsky & Hughes, 1991 Vogel, 1982).These are the premise which makes note-taking a very important aspect of reckon life for university students, without which they may be staring at clear and present danger of failure.To remedy this, it is essential for students with disabilities to be truthful to themselves and inform the authorities during the university entry stage. To this end, at least in the United States, much(prenominal) handicap would be addressed through the granting of accommodation under the law, i.e. the Americans with Disabilities Act, 1990 as well as dent 504 of the Rehabilitation Act, 1973.Such clauses as entrenched in the laws saw from 2003 to 2004, 11.3% of undergrad uates in the U.S. in notifying of their disability or requirement for special learning (Katsiyannis, Zhang, Landmark, & Reber, 2009). For students in such categories, their lot would be made much easier through being allowed extra latitude on time during examinations, as well as do their tests distraction-free (Wilhelm, 2003). The psyche that underscores this is to help make things easier for the capability-challenged students.However, it has been noted that on paper this may be a good remedy, but since not all students would be honest or so their inadequacies in learning, the exact number of students requiring is difficult to determine.Although, at the elementary and secondary level different requirements are applied for different learning abilities, it has been found to be absent in higher education (Scott, McGuire & Shaw, 2003). Filling this necessary void at the university level may help a great deal in, which at the core is the inculcation of the all-important note-taking ski lls ((Einstein, Morris, & Smith, 1985 Gettinger & Seibert, 2002 Simmons, 2006 Suritsky & Hughes, 1991). Also, by addressing this, it may help lecturers to customise according to the needs of the different categories of learners.The review in the journal shows the two phases, which reveals the ability in note taking among university students and the difficulties faced by students with disabilities and its link to proper note-taking.

The World of the Shining Prince: Court Life in Japan

Ivan Morris The World of the Shining Prince Court Life in Japan is an appraisal and an attempt to restore the imaginary life of Prince Genji in the highly illustrious doll Murasakis Genji Monogatari and, for the most part, to portray Japans regal, entrenched, strange yet vibrant man. The manuscript was both a line of descent of pleasure to those who would want to enjoy the splendor of literature and a good source of knowledge regarding the Land of the Rising Sun its history and culture inside information that even history failed to recount.This book has, beyond a doubt, disclosed the most intriguing and accomplished culture in our ground, mulled over Japans unmixed age of marriage politics and the turbulent political currents of court life, the rise of aristocracy, Buddhists and Confucians doctrines of salvation and impermanence, the pursuit for elegance and refinement, the manipulations men and women play, over and above womens role in the patriarchal society during their ti me.Physically, little was know about the odd yet amusing country which was divided into large estates ruled by feudalistic baronies, dominated by military men who for over a century had kept the islands in a state of almost perpetual warf be, (p. xxiii). There was already a well-established religion, rooted in Buddhism and Confucianism. Religious leaders are, in general, wealthy, powerful, and often wielded political enamor that they, at times, oppose with secular authorities in oversee the territories.Provincial warriors in like manner rose during the Heian period. Although, the West might have thought of their supreme power since they are physically trained, samurai warriors enjoyed no prestige among the nobles. It was only ulterior that they ascended, which eventually lead to taking power. The Heian epoch is indubitably considered the peak of the Japanese imperial court where sovereignty lays upon the emperor. N anetheless, power was wielded by aristocratic families, parti cularly the Fujiwara clan. The emperor upholds dominion over most of the territory.But, he did not have much supremacy to rule with equal firmness over all of this vast territory compared to the aristocrats. The latter filtered out into various ranks. And it had been palpable that the imperative factor in determining an individuals rank that time was the overall status of one and only(a)s extended family. In other words, hereditary privilege is an overwhelming factor in ones general status. This is why landed gentry would most likely choose to marry those belonging in the upper crust for their personal gain and sustained stature.Aptitude and knowledge might alter someone to advance to some extent, but thither was little room for social mobility. The members of the Japanese court have, indeed, lived opulent lives, concerning themselves with works of art aside from their chief(a) occupation of managing lands and came to depend on a system of private estates (shoen) for revenues. A paradoxical fact of the condition of the lower class was also shown in the chef-doeuvre and was noticed by Morris. Ignorant peasants in their society produce nearly all of the countrys wealth but for the most part are experiencing a filthy and wobbly life.The members of the imperial families put land tillers to work to enrich themselves rather than for the benefit of the whole country. Indeed, in the political sense, the period is known for the height of control of the noble families. On the other hand, Heian Japan is also noted for its cult of bag. In other words, it is a culture that has put speech pattern on beautiful things or the splendid things. History would tell us that the aristocrats, particularly the Fujiwara clan, fostered a court culture which devote much of their time on refined tastes and elegant aesthetic pursuits.Since the upper-class Heian life were believed to be confined in their palaces, men and women rarely venture the world outside their homes, almost c laustrophobic in nature, and living an indoor life to a large extent, (p. 167), most of them had sufficient leisure time, giving them enough time to develop artistry. Consequently, they became great patrons of poetry, moving-picture show, calligraphy, music, dancing, and landscape gardening. Poetry, in fact, became one of the most important skills to develop. The mastery of its technique was necessary in both social exchanges and formal poetic gatherings.The central figure in the Tale of Genji, to whom this book was attributed, dwelt remotely from his relatives and would exchange notes, messages, or poems once they get to see each other, especially during family gatherings. Other spare time activities include sketching and painting depicted in Morris account of Genjis sketches of the sea and the hills, during the Princes banishment in Suma, and arrived at a conclusion that they were almost all amateur artists, (p. 186). A popular form of drawing consisted of sketches of men and wo men. It appears that these sketches were erotic (p. 86), however, there were no other details provided that will substantiate the truth of this claim. But what is apparent is the influence of the Chinese even in the arts. These portrayals reveal to us a particular age and civilization of the extraordinarily sophisticated Japan a part of the world away from the cultivation of the West, a country so outlandish yet very rich when it comes to art, literature, and culture. The remarkable sense of aesthetics, as Morris noted, and the extent to which aesthetic beauty substituted for moral goodness both defined the characteristic of this ancient society.The other element that should be taken into consideration during the Heian Period is the position of women in the society. The world before is, undeniably, patriarchal. Women are considered inferior to male a mere shadow to males existence living without freedom living without name. However, Morris was able to bloom out womens position in the society that time. To know that women in Heian Japan were economically independent, or at least semi-dependent, surprised him. He added that they also benefit from total subordination from the domineering sex.This would suggest that Heian women, so long as they are financially stable, can do whatever it is that pleases them, without men dictating it. It is sure that women are not quite affiliated politically, yet they were able to do well out of the freedoms that the Western women were not able to enjoy. Although, women were by and large brand as inferior, they could legally inherit and even own properties, as well as engage themselves in all sorts of leisurely activities. In fact, most of Heian prose writers were women.Lady Murasaki, who wrote the Genji Monogatari, along with other world-renowned writers flourished during this period. According to Morris, many of the women then had their own houses and being economically independent, were free to have such relations as they wi shed and also to give the bounce them. Part of their freedom is that they could refuse their favor to a man, they could keep him waiting they could send him away at any time or replace him by another lover. This freedom was perceived by Morris as promiscuous, freedom that he himself was not able to characterize during his time.The society that surrounds them is filled with male supremacy but women in this period had a niche of their own a nook that they know can satisfy them in some ways, in spite of the cutthroat standards of conduct during that time. Morris also stressed out the intricate relation between men and women of this milieu. Men can only converse with women if the latter were behind curtains. And there were even characters who lived apart from their female relatives and would see them rarely. Morris (p. 167) viewed this as an exaggerated case of formality with regard to the relation of men and women.Incongruously, though, there were some characters like Prince Niou wh o go to bed with Naka no Kimi on their first meeting and for Kashiwagi to do the same with Prince Nyosan before they have spoken to each other (p. 167). This gives us the impression that women are again classed according to their economic potential. Women can have freedom only if they can keep up with the challenges freedom entails. Women can have their choices granted so long as they can cope with the consequences of their decisions. In Morris account of the Shining Princes world, we were able to have a glimpse of a paradise hardened at one part of the globe.Their exquisite traditions, highly majestic politics, the rise and fall of aristocracy, exceptional artistic expression, the pursuit of elegance, and fascinating literature have been one of the worlds wonderful crafts ever hewn in the history of mankind. Overall, Morris attempt to discuss the narrative of an Eastern country was a brave effort to overcome Western ignorance. He was able to bridge distinct cultures, bringing for th understanding and high regard of unique civilizations, and in turn, minimizing indifference.There whitethorn have been lapses in the judgment of Morris regarding Japans mysteries, however, somehow his work was able to give a picture of Heian society of aristocratic reign, astonishing fearfulness for beauty and sophistication, and finally for the depiction of the interesting roles men and women played during that period of classical Japan. Indeed, Morris has produced a work of art that will not only think about you about Japans lovely mysteries but enfold an interesting tale of the efflorescence of an ancient civilization.

Kids & Cops Essay

My essay is about what drugs can do to you. Drugs and the large number who submit drugs do not c be about you and what happens to you as a person. The people who give clawren drugs are not your friends Drugs can take a healthy child and change them within a matter of minutes. Drugs can sometimes put you in a hospital never to return home to your family, pets, friends, or school. fetching drugs can cause people to never want to flow with you or be friends with you. Drugs can change your entire personality.Parents will never let their kids play with other kids that do drugs. Kids who dont us drugs are afraid of people who use them. Parents and other people look down on people that do drugs and think less of them. Not only does drugs affect your outer looks it kills brain cells and causes you to do things without thinking of the consequences. You should always stay drug-free because drugs can consume to death. Drugs can cause brain damage, heart failure, lung cancer, kidney failur e and also car accidents.If you are using drugs while driving a car you could easily assume a wreck and not only hurt yourself but take another life. Please dont use drugs. No matter what anyone says, drugs are BAD in any city, state, or country. Drugs and the people that use drugs and supply drugs are going nowhere in life. If you stay drug-free you can residue assure you have the chance of a very successful life. Please use good judgement now and always, stay drug-free and dont hurt the people that love you the most

Fast Food Whos to Blame On-Demand Essay

You will consume 45 minutes to plan and economise an attempt on the topic assigned below. Before you begin writing, read the passage studiously and plan what you will say. Your essay should be as well-organized and c arfully written as you can make it. As Americans add pounds, critics are increasely blaming the debauched- fare industry. Teenagers have filed lawsuits blaming McDonalds for their health problems, and a public health group in California has asked the governor to declare boorhood obesity a state of emergency. But parentsnot the fast provender companies, not the governmentare in the best position to contradict the epidemic of overweight children. Parents are liable for teaching healthy eating and physical exercise habits. Parents are to beatified if they let their kids eat unhealthy pabulums and sit in front of the television or com sicer for hours at a time. We have laws against parents leaving a loaded weapon where children can find and intent it to troubl e themselves or others.Its time to point parents to take the same rancidice to protect their children from unhealthy foods and lack of exercise. Adapted from Daniel WeintraubsThe Battle Against Fast Food Begins in the HomeThe capital of California Bee, December 17, 2002 Explain Weintraubs argument and discuss the extent to which you associate or disagree with his analysis. Support your position, providing reasons and examples from your suffer experience, observations, or interpret. The sample school-age child essays that follow strike the EPT hit Guides criteria. Sample student essay with a score of 6 Daniel Weintraub, in The Battle Against Fast Food Begins in the Home, states that parents are answerable for the increasing epidemic of child obesity. Parents consume to be responsible enough to teach their children healthy eating exercise habits. In our world today, children sit around prevail video games all day, if they are allowed to. Weintraub argues that parents read to step up to the plate and get children involved in some(prenominal) type of exercise. I agree that parents need to take more responsibility for child obesity, entirely schools, fast food companies the government also need to take that same initiative. Parents have a spate of influence on their children from the day that child is born.Children learn how to talk from their parents, how to respect their elders and they should learn healthy eating exercising habits from their parents. There are m whatsoever go to take in showing a child what is healthy unhealthy. A parent could make sure that a child receives a serving of fruits or vegetables at lunchdinner, eliminate daddy from the house and even eliminate all junk food from the house. From a young age, my parents taught me to have an apple for a snack instead of a cookie that I should be getting 5 servings of fruits or vegetables a day. This lesson has influenced me even until today when my friends I will go and eat a salad at lunch instead of pizza or chips. I have also eliminated all soda from my diet. Parents need to show their children that exercise is not a bad thing. At a young age, parents need to show children that there are other things to do, exchangeable playing tag or playing at the park, than just watching t.v. Parents could introduce their children to different sports until the child finds one that he or she is interested in.My parents entered me in dance class were well-to-do in finding that that was what I enjoyed. I have been dancing since I was three years old I also played soccer for 8 years. It isnt very difficult to turn off a t.v. and send your children outside to play. Parents are not solely responsible for child obesity schools, fast food companies the government also need to take action against child obesity. Schools today do not provide a great selection of healthy food. My student body is luck that we have an off-campus lunch but even wherefore it is difficult to find health y food. Fast food companies definitely need some blame. With advertising that appeals to children, it is no wonder that America is fat. Through whining for that toy that a child can get with a kids meal, the parent is pressured to go to a fast food place. Daniel Weintraub argues that parents are responsible for child obesity. I agree with Weintraub but schools fast food companies also need to help in the fight against child obesity. translation This essay illustrates the EPT Scoring Guides criteria for a score of 6. The superior response indicates that the source is very well-prepared to handle college-level reading and writing. The writer cl aboriginal explains Weintraubs argument regarding childhood obesity in the first paragraph and takes a thoughtful position, contending that Weintraub is right to a degree but that schools, fast food companies the government also need to take that same initiative. The writer skillfully restates Weintraubs argument in the first paragraph and ma kes a further connection in the second paragraph by saying, they should learn healthy eating exercising habits from their parents. However, the emphasized should suggests that the writer questions whether this al government agencys happens. The conclusion again refers back to Weintraub. The essay demonstrates qualityand clarity of thought with its careful analysis of both the strengths and weaknesses of Weintraubs somewhat overstated position. The essay reflects an effective use of topic contentions and strong personal examples to both support Weintraubs argument that parents are responsible for childhood obesity with respect to eating and exercise habits and make the case that others are responsible as well.Sentence structure is varied and intelligence service alternative is precise. The essay has few errors. Sample student essay with a score of 5 America is now known as the fattest country in America. legion(predicate) of our countrys people blame the fast food industry for ov er-advertising, selling unhealthy food, and selling oversized portions. However, others feel that Americas obeisity is a matter of personal responsibility. In his denomination The date against fast food begins in the home, Daniel Weintraub explains that parents need to take responsibility for the eating habits of their kids, and I agree with his opinion in this matter. As Americans, we are devoted the freedom of choice, however, before we become adults, it is our parents that have to teach us how to make the right decisions. This is Weintraubs point. If parents are not willing to teach their kids the dangers of eating too frequently fast food and not getting enough exercise, then those kids have no way to make the right choices. Kids learn best at an early age, therefore, teaching them good habits will allow them to make the emend decisions later. I agree with Weintraubs opinion that parents are responsible. Obviously, fast food companies are going to commercialise towards kid s they are more impressionable.Because of this, if parents would start teaching kids early on, they could use that impressionable quality to their advantage. The benefits of education are apparent in almost everything we do. For example, a bust checkd person can solve problems quickly and easily. The same goes for someone educated in terms of health habits. They can make the best choices because they have been taught to do so. Fast food companies provide a service. It is up to us, or our parents if we are not yet of age, to decide how much of that service we should use. In conclusion, Daniel Weintraub is correct in his assesment of one of the causes of Americas obeisity. The truth is that no child can grow up to be an intelligent human being without a proper education, wether it be in mathematics or eating habits. Fast food companies are always going to compete for customers and try to make money, but they cannot control ourdecisions. The that people that can make choices for us our ourselves, and we cannot make the right choices without proper education from our parents. We cannot blame others for our own problems.Only when parents and the population of American in customary are educated and choose to live healthy lifestyles will the countrys obeisity cease. Commentary This essay illustrates the EPT Scoring Guides criteria for a score of 5. The clear competence of the essay indicates that this writer is quite create from raw material to handle college-level reading and writing. The writer addresses the topic of childhood obesity clearly, summarizing and then agreeing with Weintraubs position. Further references to Weintraub in the body and conclusion maintain a clear focus on the argument. The essay presents a well-reasoned response, indicating that various factors contribute to childhood obesity but finally siding with Weintraub in placing the responsibility on parents We cannot make the right choices without proper education from our parents. The essay shows some depth of thought in reservation the case that adults are responsible for making their own sound choices while parents are responsible for the choices their children make. However, the writer simply dismisses the responsibility of the fast-food industry without analysis.The essay is fairly clearly organized around the ideas that parents are responsible for their childrens choices and that the best way to counter fast-food advertising is through education however, some repetition and a lack of strong examples weaken the writers argument. The clips are varied and word choices are generally precise and effective. The essay has tho a few minor errors failure to use a semicolon with however, misspelling of obesity, and the distracting repetition of America in the first line. Sample student essay with a score of 4 Obesity Can Be Stopped Within the Home The article titled, The battle against fast food begins in the home, is the authors Daniel Weintraub, point of view on the r ising obesity problem in America. Mr. Weintraub wrote this particular piece with one intention to educate the readers with his own views. Mr. Weintraub doesnt blame the Government, or advertising for Americans weight problem.But, instead he feels that parents are the sole component. He not only blames parents for their childrens poor eating habits, but also for they lack of exercise, and physical activity. I strongly agree with Mr. Weintraub because of the dynamics and regimne of parents lives today and parents wanting to blameeveryone and thing but themselves. I strongly agree with Mr. Weintraub because of the dynamics and regimne of parents lives today. Mr. Weintraub makes the point in his article that, Fast Food is fast., and It can also seem inexpensive. (Weintraub) This is just what parents who work all day want. They want to give way their children, not cook but feed, and relax after a hard days work. They may not mean to, but they are already to blame for their childs eatin g habits. However, taking the easy route, they have already put their children at risk. The dynamics of their daily regimne naturally allow them to feed their child junk. Not only do I believe that Mr. Weintraub is correct because of the dynamics and regimne of parents lives today, but I also strongly Agree with Mr. Weintraub because of parents wanting to blame everyone and thing but themselves. setoff off, in an article written by Shannon Brownlee titled, Its role distortion that makes America fat, a mother who was suing McDonalds stated, 1 always believed McDonalds food was healthy for my son. (Brownlee) This statement shows a parent who is willing to blame a company, whose sole purpose is making money, for her childs obesity. All the while parents eat, themselves, the exact same food as their child. They dont hold any responsibility that maybe their child will mimic these same habits. In the Letters to the Editor section a woman, Patricia Gonzalez, poses a good question wherefo re arent they (parents) home cooking them (children) healthy food (Letters to Editor) Instead of parents complaining round how companies made their kids fat, or how advertising hooked their kids, why dont they eliminate these factors and cook their children a meal they know is healthy I strongly agree with Mr. Weintraub because of the dynamics and regimne of parents lives today and parents wanting to blame everyone and thing but themselves. Mr. Weintraub expressed the right point.As Americans, we need to take responsibility ourselves and not just blame other people. Parents could eliminate obesity before it became a problem in their childs life. That is why I strongly agree with Mr. Weintraub. Commentary This essay illustrates the EPT Scoring Guides criteria for a score of 4. This adequate response to the topic suggests that the writer should be able to handle college-level reading and writing. The writer clearly addresses Weintraubs argument that parents are responsible for the ep idemic of childhood obesity but fails to explain why the fast-food companies, whose sole purpose is making money, do not share responsibility.The writer generally understands the passage and develops a sensible, if somewhat simplistic, response why dont they . . . cook their children a meal they know is healthy The essay has a clear organization around the issues of parents lack of timedynamics and regimne of parents livesand parents desire to shift blame to others. However, well-chosen examples would strengthen the support for this argument. The essay demonstrates adequate use of phrase structure and language however, word choice is sometimes imprecise. For example, The article . . . is the point of view . . . and hold any responsibility.Dynamics and regimne are used both imprecisely and repetitively. The writer has general control of grammar and usage however, errors in punctuation and capitalization are frequent and distracting. Sample student essay with a score of 3 Who is to b lame the parents, fast food companies, the government or yourself People now a days are so quick to sue fast food companies for making them fat but its all about self control. One should know his or her own body and watch what they eat. Fast food places are on almost every corner but doesnt mean their making you eat there. In New York a teenager is sueing McDonalds for making her fat. He weighs in at 400 pounds. His mother says I always believed McDonalds food was healthy for my son. How is this possible Two patty cheeseburgers, deep fried potatoes, and a large cup of soda is clearly not healthy.This kid probably ate at McDonalds majority of the time but I doubt he ate there common for every meal so how is McDonalds fully to blaim. Whatever happen to exercising, if this teenager was getting the required exercise there is no way he could way in at 400 pounds. Dont get me wrong Im not just on the fast food companies side. Yes McDonalds super-sizing most of their meals is a little ext reme. Having good deals like dollar nugget Tuesdays is also a big temptation. Fast food companies could neglect down on the location of there restuarants. Being that its so convinent that its close to your house, cheap and fast is another way that makes Americans so addicted. In conclusion, Both Americans and Fast Food Companies can change for the better. Americans start taking some responsibility for what you put into your own body. Fast Food Companies think of how many lives are at risk because of what your feeding them and cut back on expanding your franchises.Commentary This essay illustrates the EPT Scoring Guides criteria for a score of 3. Although the essay indicates a developing competence on the part of the writer, it is flawed insignificant ways that suggest the writer needs additional practice before being able to succeed in college-level reading and writing. The writer does not arrive at a thesis until the conclusion, which states, In conclusion, Both Americans and Fas t Food Companies can change for the better. Even if this thesis had been presented in the introduction, however, it would need to be made more specific. The writer does not retell or explain Weintraubs argument and fails to respond to the argument that parents are primarily responsible for their childrens eating and exercise habits. The writer does not use Weintraubs argument about the role of parents to develop the response as a result, the essay is not focused on Weintraubs argument but instead focuses entirely on the responsibility of the individual and the fast-food industry.The essay demonstrates simplistic thinking. It ignores the socioeconomic and developmental issues that can impede children and parents from making wise decisions about what they eat. It also ignores the imperative for businesses to make money when it suggests that McDonalds could cut down on the location of there restaurants. A skeletal organization is present, with the two body paragraphs each addressing a single idea that is summarized in the conclusion. The paragraphs are underdeveloped they need additional specifics and analysis. In addition, the role of parental responsibility needs to be explored. The paragraphs need effective topic sentences relating back to a lordly idea or thesis. The writers language is highly informal, relying on a series of rhetorical questions and colloquial comments (Who is to blame . . . How is this possible Whatever happen to exercising Dont get me wrong.) in place of analysis. The writer uses vague or incorrect pronoun reference (one should know . . . and watch what they eat but doesnt mean their making you eat there), and sentence structure is weak (Being that its so convinent . . . is another way that makes Americans so addicted.).The main errors, however, are in the mechanics, with numerous errors in punctuation, spelling, and capitalization. Sample student essay with a score of 2 Bigger isnt always better Last year a Bronx teenager who weighted i n at a wooping 400 pounds sit down in a confrence room while their mother tryed to file a suit againt McDonalds for make her kid fat. When ask why she replyed I always believed McDonalds food was healthy for my son. More and more americans are trying to blame fast food for the reason they are fat, but is it what they eat or howmuch. Shannon Brownlee asked this question and this is what she found. Portion sizes has been creeping up ward science 1972. That when McDolands introduced its large size fries. (which now was smaller than a medium today.) And now they make more money then ever, they do it by consumer manipulation. Example 7-Eleven can sell the 64-ounce Double Gulp for only 37 cents more the 16-ounce 89 cent regular Gulp. Youd feel ripped off if you bought the smaller size. And thats just the way I feel when I go to fast food why not get the bigger size your conciliate just as much as a regular.After reading Shannon Brownlees article I understand and agree that people arnt g etting fat from the food but from how much they eat. So maybe all those moms should stop getting mad that their kid are getting fat and be mad at their kid for eating so much and throwing away money on food that 70 of the time they dont finish Commentary This essay illustrates the EPT Scoring Guides criteria for a score of 2. The serious flaws here indicate that this writer will need considerable additional practice before being able to succeed in college-level reading and writing. The writer does not summarize or respond to Weintraubs argument, instead lifting portions from another article by Shannon Brownlee about fast food. The writer does not use the passage at all. Sample student essay with a score of 1 Many people blame the fast food industry for making them obese. But its not their fault it is the fault of the parents. It is theirs for not teaching the person how to eat right.It is the parents responsibility to teach their children o eat right and to excise at lest once a day . Americans have taken the blame of obesity and put it one that fast food industry. Many parents have filled lawsuits against McDonalds for their health problems. Commentary This essay illustrates the EPT Scoring Guides criteria for a score of 1. The fundamental deficiencies of this essay clearly indicate that the writer needs much additional practice to be ready to succeed at college-level reading and writing. The essays lengthsix sentencesis insufficient to respond to the question. The writer misunderstands the passage and fails to refer to it. The essay is repetitive. The first and fifth sentences repeat each other, as do the second, third, and fourth sentences. The writer culls the idea of parental responsibility from the passage but offers no support, reasons, or examples as the prompt instructs.The essay appears to be incomplete. It ends with a (misstated) statement of fact from the passagethat either belongs in the summary portion of the essay or should be omitted in lieu of the writers own opinions and supportthe better option. The writer lacks prefatorial control of syntax and vocabulary. The writer has serious and persistent errors in grammar, usage, and mechanics that severely interfere with meaning. Pronoun confusion (It is theirs . . . ), preposition misuse (blame of obesity), and punctuation errors are profound.

Westward expansion in United State economical growth

The magnification of westward in nineteenth century was an important determinant of geographical distribution and stinting activities in the fall in State today. The expansion of westward in the United State, so the sizing in geographical raises from the triple size to more than a million squ are miles, also the population shifted from seven percent to sixty percent where there was the improvement of productivity, technologies and transportation infrastructures, all this boast lead to the growth of economy.The population growth brought the increasment of productive of the land. The decreases of transportation cost induced western migration to the productive lands, where the actual history figure of sixty percent, has elevated because of improvement of technology such as the use of barbed wire to cut down on the time need to build a fence. The expansion of borders in United State, because of population growth and the production brought up by the immigrants. Dippel, 2005). Impacts of immigration had on American demography As the thought of immigration is be commenced in America, which means it is the first place that immigrates begin and it is the top of world the immigrates are living and all immigrations first started in America, where the first immigration are from northern and western Europe. This group of people was the first to combat racism because most of them were poor while fewer were rich.Demography in America resulted to major production and development of productive lands which interment increase the economic growth, whereby great number of immigration, the cost of lug and transportation was significantly to low price, this was brought up by immigration technologies. Impacts of immigration had on American economy The immigrates in the United State have less opportunities of getting jobs and also they are less tough on the participation on the labor in building the nation, but as newborns are matured in United State, later they cause a slit s ignificant on earning and having employment opportunities.The immigrant made a tremendous impact on the American economy and they also contributed largely to the America corporation as a whole. Economic growth in America brought a great deal of wealth to the citizen, where the development of individuals raised from poor statutes to rich. The immigration has furnish United State macroeconomic growth where it brought uncontroversial and unsurprising income where more of total of workers yield more total output.The immigrant workers benefit from working in the United State is also uncontroversial and unsurprising fear were affect with well seeing of United State natives. (Villamagna, Armstrong, McBride, 2003). Impact of immigration had on Americas political climate While the discrimination of employments to the immigrants was of higher aspect, because of the basis of race, gender, religion beliefs, color or national origins. The political practices occurred due to the equal employmen t opportunity, which was an economic issue and had the impact on nation economic growth.How different regions developed on economic growth and social systems The congressional leaders felt that the labor for each region has to be equally distributed among immigrant so that to strengthen each region. Each region developed different because of the geographical and the population growth from each region. The sections were created through the western, northern, and southern ham sphere, where the blacks have their section while the Indian and the white Americans has their section. Black Americas migrated to south while the Native Americans are the north.Therefore, the sections where are divided according to the population size and the geographical landscape. In the responses of growing illegal immigration, the domestic migrants underlook the consideration of provision of rules and regulation that addresses the concern, as it implies for immigrants. For the foreign policy, provides the m ention of terrorism images, where the Americans heads create the policy that provides to the investigation organization such FBI and CIA a clear network to cover with such crimes. (Conrad, 2005).

Political Aspects of International Business

political Aspects of International line of products International Business (INBU350) The political aspects regard the International Business has been passing through changes that in one way or another affect the organizations. Countries fighting for defend of their territories against others or internal conflicts to keep the democracy brisk for instance the war between Iraq and Iran, or the citizens of Venezuela fighting for the survival of their democracy. As a result the pressure of the non- telephone circuit situations stimulated the manner that the entrepreneurs do business internationally.political relation and the governments own interest have a direct connection with these change. The managerial method to deal with international business has been transform to better understand the strange governments politics. (Fitzpatrick, 1983). They have stimulated the evolution of managerial function involves with the assessment and evaluation of the non-business environment that has cu rrent relevance. Companies has to start comprehend how the different governments rules and policies works. first of all the study of the culture, religion, ethnic, and how others companies making business in that particular country has been successfully. In case of those companies that dont have the capital to invest in researching companies, tin can use the internal resources like an embassy together with the local government agencies. Furthermore of the strategy of the organizations to introduce products and services to the immaterial nation they have to improve the managerial knowledge about it. Entrepreneurs can avoid unnecessary monetary looses if they watch closely both political movement.However companies have no control of any political status that can affect suddenly their business. In the meantime by tracking the governments issues can minimize any unwanted situation that today or indirectly affect the company status. On the other hand is not guaranteed that everything going to be under control. Meanwhile the international business has a grow pattern ascendance that will dictate the future of how to make business. Every political issue has a cause and effect besides it prohibit aspects.The important of the globalization and new comportment to make business internationally has transformed the politics, regulations and policies of those restrictive governments. Additionally the endeavor of the international organizations to achieve and regulates the legal corpse such as ITC, GATT, and others. On the contrary the international law recognizes the right that any country has to accept or refuse any kind of foreign business in their territories. Meanwhile the United States government stimulated companies to establish operations oversea. Government policies can amend and pact relations with international business. some(prenominal) reasons may cause governments to modify any deal with the international companies even without notification advance. Politi cs changes can affect dramatically the manner that international business deal with import, export, and trade with another countries. For example China worked a serious restructuration on their politics and regulations with the international companies, which include better conditions of work for the local employees. (Mcubbrey, 2010) Political and legal risks are two very important aspects of running a business of which an entrepreneur should be aware.Failure to recognize these risks and adjust accordingly could potentially hinder the performance of the overall business As a result all this evidence indicates that companies that are looking for introduce of their operations internationally count in return more than money invested. Therefore is about research and analyze how the country selected works regard the foreign companies. The entrepreneurs have to work with a serious analysis that need to include a investigation about culture, religions, ethnics, needs of the population, gov ernment, policies, issues and restrictions.Finally the result of this will be a considerable enthronisation of money and resources and will be necessary a good planning to secure, a profitable returns on investments. By studying the international market, analyzing pros and con, and structure a serious business plan companies can prevent loss investments as a consequences of political risk. References Fitzpatrick, M. (1983)Academic of management. Retrieved from www. jstor. org/stable/257752 How managing political risk improves global business. Retrieved from www. pwc. com/us/en/risk-compliance/managing-political-risk-improves-business-performance. jhtm

Seismic Analysis

EVALUATION OF SEPERATION GAP BETWEEN MULTISTOREY BUILDINGS SUBJECTED TO propulsive SEISMIC LOADDr. G Sridevi1*(0000-0002-5922-3132), Mr. Umesh Biradar 2(0000-0003-0087-9433), Mr. G Sudarshan 3(0000-0002-5129-5465) and , Mr. A Shivaraj 4(0000-0002-7437-1256) 1234 B V Raju Institute of Technology, Narsapur, India Abstract When mental synthesiss ar below earthquake forces, side by side(predicate) structure may collide with each other callable to dissimilar high-voltage characteristics. When expression vibrates out of phase and separated hatchway between buildings be not sufficient to accommodate their relative consummations, this can apparent motion severe damage to the structures and it is known as unstable buffeting. close to of the time it is not possible to maintain sufficient punt gap between adjacent buildings. bear witness work evaluate the minimum interval gap required between high-rise building shams considered. dickens high-rise building of 10 narrative and 15 storey are modelled and analysed for dynamic time storey abbreviation for the EI Centro ground motions and minimum hammer gap between buildings has been discussed.Keywords Seismic Pounding, RC Building, ETABS, Time History abbreviation.INTRODUCTIONBecause of expanding state and land esteems, structures are being built to close to each other. During a quake it is expected that, they leave behind pound against each other. This repeated smasher activity is referred as seismic pounding. Pounding of structures could have cause severe damage, as neighbouring structures with various dynamic attributes vibrate out of phase and there is inadequate breakup gap to accommodate the relative movements of adjacent structures.This highly congested construction system in the metropolitan cities is the major concern for the seismic pounding. The most simple and viable method for controlling the issue and belittle the harm caused by it is to give enough insularism gap between the ad jacent structures.LITERATUREShehata (2006) examined structure pounding response and proper seismic hazard dissipation technique. Three categories of recorded earthquake excitation are used for input. The return of impact is studied using analogue and nonlinear contact force model for different insularism distances and compared with nominal model without pounding consideration. And it is concluded that, an increasing gap width is seeming to be effective to minimize the effect of seismic pounding.Mizam Dogan et.al (2009) carried stress examinations on outline models for various effect focuses and investigation on pounding. It is concluded that pounding forces are not totally absorbable on bill of their high esteems but rather their consequences for structure can be decreased by setting versatile materials between adjacent structures or by strengthening basic frameworks.Pushover is a static nonlinear analysis method to estimate seismic structural deformations. It gives force displ acement relationship of a structure or structural element. Horizontal load is applied in a specified pattern in increments and for a given applied soak force, associated displacement is found until it reaches its maximum capacity of deformation.As the storey mould increases the columns are subjected to additional moment leading to the failure of the structure. A B Kawade et.al studied the minimum gap to be provided between the adjacent buildings using push over analysis. Response spectrum analysis was carried out by taking the data of EI Centro earthquake on different models. The results indicated that the acceleration and shear force produced because of pounding varies with the storey height and peak storey drift depends on the ground excitation characteristics.The effect of pounding is sight to be more predominate when floor levels of adjacent building are different constructing separate buildings with disturb floor heights is mavin of viable solutions to prevent seismic stru ctural pounding. It was also detect that the separation distance to be maintained increases with the increase in peak ground acceleration values.Jeng-Hsiang Lin et.al (2002) investigated the seismic pounding hazard of buildings in the Taipei metropolitan area.Detailed procedures of the analytical method are presented. And concludes that pounding probability of adjacent buildings is found to be significantly affected by the natural pointedness of individual buildings and the period ratio of the adjacent buildings. Due to the lack of proper treatment of the vibration phases of adjacent buildings, it is found that the method used in the current Taiwan Building Code (TBC97) provides poor estimates for the required building separation distance and produces a non-uniform risk for all the cases investigated in this study.MOTIVATION AND OBJECTIVES OF STUDYTo Study the participating Behaviour of Tall twists.To valuate Seismic Pounding Effect of conterminous Buildings with Consideratio n of Vertical Geometrical Irregularity.To Study the Influence of shear Walls on Seismic Pounding Effect.MODEL DESCRIPTIONIn Present Study Total 3 modellings have been mannikinled to Evaluate Dynamic Behaviour of High Rise Buildings by Considering Vertical Geometrical Irregularities. object lesson 1 A Plan which consists adjacent multi storey buildings one is 10 Storey and the other one is 15 Storey with a separation of 100mm with Masonry infill walls.Model 2 A Plan which consists adjacent multi storey buildings one is 10 Storey and the other one is 15 Storey with a separation of 100mm in this particular model all infill walls are modelled and knowing as shear walls.-47625012700Fig 1 Plan View of the Buildings1219200176530Fig 2 Isometric View of ETABS Model1104900191770Fig 3 point of ETABS ModelMETHODOLOGYThe principle objective is to evaluate the effects of seismic pounding between two closely spaced multi-storey buildings, to understand the minimum seismic gap between th e buildings, modelling is done to study the response of buildings under pounding during EI Centro earthquake.In order to observe pounding effect between adjacent buildings, two RC buildings of 10 and 15 storey are considered. Both buildings have been modelled and analysed in ETABS 2015 software. Based on the analysis results the clear separation distance is provided. all 3 models have been analysed for nonlinear time history analysis to study dynamic behaviour of buildings.The output results were obtained.In Time History Analysis the ground motion records are given as input. The time history analysis has the ability to perform linear as well as non linear analysis . The ability of this method to account for bi complaintal effects by applying three components of ground motion helps in predicting the response more precisely. In a Linear analysis, it is assumed that the displacement of whole structure does not exceed live limit under the application of design forces. when the structur e deforms more than elastic limit, non linearity of the structure in terms of geometry or material are to be considered.Bureau of Indian Standards clearly gives in its code IS 4326, that a Separation distance is to be provided between buildings to avoid collision during an earthquake. The IS code provisions are mentioned in following tabular array.Fig 4 Gap Width for Adjoining Structure as per IS 4326 ( Table 1 )Table 1 Seismic ParametersSoil Type MediumResponse Reduction Factor, R 5Importance Factor, I 1.5Zone IVTable 2 Material PropertiesConcrete cube strength, fck30 N/mm2 (M30)Characteristics strength of reinforcing steel, fy415N/mm2(Fe 415)Modulus of elasticity of concrete, E 29.5 kN/mm2Unit weight of concrete 25 kN/m3Table 3 Sectional PropertiesName of the Element Size in mmBeam 1 three hundred * 400Beam 2 300 * 500Beam 3 350 * 600Column 1 300 * 300Column 2 300 * 400Column 3 300 * 500Column 4 300 * 600Column 5 300 * 700Slabs 125Exterior walls,w1 300Interior walls,w2 230 6 . RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS Dynamic Time History Analysis of considered models have been performed in ETABS Software. EI Centro Ground Motions were considered as Input selective information for Analysis.Effect of Pounding is studied with a reference to storey displacement. The Storey Height Vs Storey shifting graph has been plotted to understand the dynamic behaviour of Structure.Fig 2 Storey Displacement Curve for Model 1Fig 2 Storey Displacement Curve for Model 2Fig 3 Storey Displacement Curve for Model 37. CONCLUSION Stiffness of building has got a great influence on displacements in respective directions.In Model I separation gap between adjacent buildings are 100 mm. Displacement observed was 509.883 mm in X direction and 31.881 mm in Y direction. When masonry wall are replaced with shear wall, lateral displacement has reduced in considerable amount to 36.74 % and 80.8 % in X and Y direction respectively.Effect of pounding can be reduced by providing safe separation gap. By the result of Model I we can conclude that minimum safe separation gap between building is 540 mm.Stiffness of building can be enhanced by adopting shear wall to reduce the pounding effectREFERENCESA.B. Kawade , Mr. Abhijeet A. Sahane Seismic pounding effect in building Amrutvahini college of engineering, Sangamner.Alireza M.Goltabar.R, Shamstabar Kami, A.Ebadi, (2008) Analyzing the effective parameters in Pounding Phenomenon between Adjacent Structure due to Earthquake,The 14th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering, pp. 12-17, Beijing, China.Diego Lopez Garcia, (2004)Separation between Adjacent nonlinear Structures for Prevention of Seismic Pounding, 13th World Conference on Earthquake Engineering Vancouver, B.C., Canada, account nary(prenominal) 478.Jeng-Hsiang Lin, Cheng-Chiang Weng, (2002)A Study on Seismic Pounding Probability of Buildings In Taipei metropolitan Area, Journal of the Chinese Institute of Engineers, Vol. 25, No. 2, pp. 123-135.K.Kasai, V.Jeng, P.C.Patel J.A.Munshi Seismic Pounding Effects Survey and Analysis Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago,USA.Mizam Dogan and Ayten Gunaydin, (2009)Pounding of Adjacent RC Buildings During Seismic Loads, Journal of Engineering and Architecture, Vol XXII, No 1.Raja Rizwan Hussain et.al. (2013)Non-linear FEM Analysis of seismic Induced Pounding between Neighbouring Multi-Storey Structures, Latin American Journal of solids and structures, pp. 921-939.Shehata E. Abdel Raheem, (2006)Seismic Pounding between Adjacent Building Structures, Electronic Journal of Structural Engineering, Vol. 6, pp.66-74.Susendar Muthukumar and Reginald DesRoches, (2006)A Hertz contact model with non-linear damping for pounding make-believe, Earthquake Engineering and Structural Dynamics, Vol.35, pp.811-828.Weng Dagen, Li Tao Bashar Alfarah, Fransisco Lopez-Almansa (2017)Non linear time history analysis of a stern isolated RC building in shanghai founded on soft soil Tongji University, Technical university of catal onia, paper No. 2634.

Marketing southwest airlines

Gone were the days when companies used to be product-focused, utilizing sales state to sell their products to the securities industry without any specific goals in mind. The advent of trade changed all this and has since revolutionized the manner of marketing certain products and services.This newsprint shall look into the marketing strategies southwest Airlines is currently utilizing to gain a good market sh are amidst a long list of sky expressive style companies today. southwestern Airlines south-west Airlines was initially incorporated to serve three cities in Texas as Air Southwest on March 15, 1967, by Rollin King and Herb Kelleher.Air Southwest changed its name to Southwest Airlines In separatewise(a) 1971 and the first flight was recorded on June 18, 1971. Over the years, Southwest has added improved 737 variants but has stayed within the Boeing 737 family to reduce operating costs. Because this technique simplified training, maintenance, and ground operations, it rev olutionized the industrys approach to construct aircraft fleets.In January 2005 Southwest put to rest its remaining 737-200, the oldest type in its fleet. This event was highlighted with employees wearing pajamas for an early morning flight covering the original Dallas-San Antonio-Houston before returning to Dallas and called this putting the -200s to bed.Marketing StrategiesSouthwest is known for putting value to the most important people, the nodes and the employees. The success of behind a companys success is its people who understand the significant contribution of their company. Southwest believes that with ungratified employees may be translated to unsatisfied customers.The company is known for its distinct customer service philosophy. Lovelock and Wirtz (2002, p. 58) made is clear that a good customer service spells a big difference in gaining a good number of customers.Southwest essential see to it that despite the large number of air hose companies that exist today, cus tomers must continue to fly their airline. This is no easy task considering the challenge of trying to beat the separate airlines who may offer lower fares or provide more(prenominal) valuable services.Flying on Southwest is quite different from that of most other U.S. airlines such as that tickets are only available and may be purchased from the airline itself. They are non available through travel agents or through common online venues. The tickets may be bought over the headphone or via online transactions at the companys website.Another thing that sets the company aparts from other airline companies is that reservations can be changed at will without corresponding penalties. To an ordinary customer, this service mode so much.thithers another way Southwest is doing to gain more customers. It offers Rapid Rewards where customers receive one doctrine per each one-way ticket (http//www.airfleets.net/ageflotte/Southwest%20Airlines.htm). This program was eventually modified to p rovide a pause offer to customers who frequently fly the airline company.In February 2006, Southwest instituted Capacity Controls to redeeming its free tickets. This means that the airline limits the seats offered to frequent travelers using free certificates on each flight, whereas previously if there was a seat available, you could use the award, provided you were not flying on one of the five blackout dates.Southwest has added variation in its advertisements such as just Plane Smart, The Somebody Else Up There Who Loves You and The Low screw Airline. This is its way of reaching to its targeted audience in the simplest and easiest way possible.Since the 1990s, Southwest has come up with television receiver campaigns based on the phrase Wanna get away? Their TV commercilas are filled with funny scenes covering how people appear during situations they find themselves while wanting to get away. What really distinguishes Southwest from other airlines is its sound clip ding which is now being associated with the company.ConclusionNo amount of enticing marketing strategies will be able to entice the most number of customers if all they get are airline employees who give them the cold shoulder. This is something that Soutwest is being known for and its management is trying to build up among its employees. Southwest employees are generally regarded for their friendliness.The Economist came up woth a Special report entitled low-priced airlines Turbulent Skies in July 8, 2004 highlighting the present dilemma airline companies are facing. The 9/11 incident actually changed the way people are traverseing with airline companies. No one can deny the fact that people have started developing a kind of fear against flying.Peterson (2004 p.124 ) illustrates the changes which companies like Southwest may undertake to debate with the times by using marketing principles attuned to the times. As Lovelock and Wirtz (2002), there are better ways to deal with certain situati ons that beset companies like Southwest.The problem left by the 9/11 incident among airline companies, the best way to sell or encourage more customers to fly Southwest is to offer them more than just low-cost fares. It is important to provide them the best customer service experience no other airline can give.Works Citedhttp//www.airfleets.net/ageflotte/Southwest%20Airlines.htm (Retrieved September 12, 2006)Lovelock, C., & Wirtz, J. Services Marketing People Technology Strategy. McGraw-Hill/Irwin. July 2002Low-cost airlines Turbulent Skies. The Economist Special Report. Jul 8th 2004Peterson, B. Blue Streak Inside jetBlue, the Upstart that Rocked an Industry. Portfolio Hardcover. 2004

Banning Junk Food Advertising Essay

In my opinion, a illegalize against junk food advertisement shouldnt be a way to prevent childhood fleshiness because it is not a solution to have healthier lifestyle. Firstly, ban junk food advertizing pass on not get a real and definitive change in the eating habits of children. Rather than a solution it is a great challenge that couldnt be achieved by means of laws that only focuses on things children shouldnt be eating, instead of focusing on promoting healthy tips. Also, ban junk food advertising is not related to worry about the health of children, and we shouldnt always support in laws or bans to be aware and more responsible with the choices in care health of our kids. Everything children eat is only our determination and imposing a ban ignores completely the importance of our own(prenominal) responsibility like parents. As adults, we serve personal choices about the diet, exercise, eating habits, and lifestyle of children, so the prevention of childhood obesity has m ore personal influence, not the laws.Secondly, when we prohibit something, we are not educating anyone and for that reason is necessary to recover the importance of the education like the mean solution to prevent childhood obesity. Jeff Stier, columnist of Townhall magazine, highlights that we live in a world where the parents, not the laws, are primarily responsible for children and they have to educate them. This is important without a doubt parents have the certificate of indebtedness to control the exposure time of children to media similarly the irrational consumption of junk food. Therefore, we cannot blame the advertising totally.Thirdly, we shouldnt permit that a law or ban assumes parents role in the education of their children, it would be corroborate their irresponsibility as for kids health care, so to prevent that a ban simply postpones the learning subprogram to later years when parents lose the control, we need to start teaching them a better lifestyle from main o ffice first because is into the family that children build healthy or unhealthy habits. Finally, banning fast food advertising wont encourage consumers, children and adults to focus on making significant lifestyle changes. Only with education, we could face the advertising environment that is necessary to prevent childhood obesity.Work CitedStier, Jeff. Regulation Junk Food Advertising-The Next nurse State Initiative. Townhall Magazine July 2011. Non Print.

Export Assistance and Incentives

exportationationing incentives Devices used by countries to encourage exportations. These can include evaluate incentives for exporters, al broken ining them exemptions from the normal provisions of anti-monopoly legislation, preferential access to capital securities industrys, priority Developing countries dupe started manufacturing industries only recently. As a result, their make up of production gener whollyy tends to be high because of the following reasons ? Total market availability within the nation is small with the result that the economies of large-scale production can non be reaped. Productivity of labor is low because the level of mechanization as comp bed to that in the developed countries is low. ?Manufacturing units in maturation countries, beingness small and new, have considerably less expertise in the field of international marketing and because the volume of exports is low, the per unit woo of handicraft promotion expenditure tends to be high. India ha s to raise higher resources for development which has to be done finished a number of indirect levies which tend to push up the overall cost of production.Most developing countries have, therefore, resorted to a number of export promotion measures. India has also been providing export assistance to Indian exporters. However, the WTO Agreement on Subsidies and countervailing duties does not allow specific types of export subsidies. The disposal of India is, therefore, removing those export incentives which atomic number 18 not WTO compatible. NEW SYSTEM OF exporting ASSISTANCE From 1992, export incentive system in India has been made simple. There are essentially leash major incentives.These are (1) Market-based Exchange Rate (2) Fiscal Concessions, and (3) Facilities down the stairs the export-Import Policy. These are discussed in detail infra MARKET BASED EXCHANGE RATE For long, external prize of the rupee was managed by the Reserve cashbox of India (run batted in) by p egging the judge of the rupee to a basket of currencies. RBI used to keep the value of the rupee at a level which was higher than the real value. In the post-Economic Reforms period, the Government of India decided to abolish all direct incentives to exports and promote exports through with(predicate) the exchange rate mechanism.Accordingly, the Liberalized Exchange Rate Management System (LERMS) was introduced. beneath this system, there were two exchange rates one official rate which was determined by the RBI as was the practice earlier and second, a rate which was quoted by the banks based on the demand-supply position. Exporters had to surrender 40 per cent of their foreign exchange earnings to banks and could sell the residual 60 percent at the market rate which was normally expected to be more attractive than the official rate.Through this mechanism the Government hoped to come upon two targets First the difference among the market rate and the official rate would provid e overflowing incentives to the exporters. Second, this would introduce a self-balancing mechanism for the eternal sleep of trade, because only that much imports could be made which could be financed through the market i. e. the resources usable through the 60 percent account. One divisions experience revealed that rupee remained stable in the international market. This gave to the Government for full convertibility on the trade account.Accordingly, rupee was made richly convertible for export-import transactions in March 1993. This would provide more financial benefit to the exporters as downstairs the LERMS, they had to surrender 40 per cent of their receivables at a discount which averaged about 15 per cent when LERMS was in operation. Since March 1993, the exchange rate of the rupees is fully determined by the demand supply conditions in the market. to a lower place much(prenominal) a system, exporters will get benefit when rupee depreciates while importers will lose. Wh en rupee appreciates, the balance of benefits will be just the reverse. TAX CONCESSIONS a)In the computation of total income, Section 80-HHC allows a deduction of the hearty of the profit derived from the export of goods or merchandise. The requirement of minimum tax contained in Section 115-J does not dedicate to exporting corporate assesses. This benefit is also available to supporting manufacturers exporting through Export/ concern Houses provided that the tally of deduction claimed is retained as a reserve for the purpose of the business of the assesse. However, the budget for the year 2000-2001 has reduced this exemption by 20 per cent every year to be phased out in five years. b)Exemption from taxation of the profits from overseas projects to the extent of 50 per cent. (c)Exemption from taxation of 50 per cent of royalty, commission, fees or any similar payment defended from the exports of technical know-how and technical services. (d)A 10-year tax holiday for 100 per cen t export-oriented units and for units determined in Free Trade/Export Processing Zones. (e)Discounted rates of springer work on imports of selected items of machinery for export production. ? EXPORT ASSISTANCE AND INCENTIVES AVAILABLE TO THE EXPORTSExport assistance and a variety of facilities and export incentives available to the Exporters are given in mindset and more aggressive approach is needed to develop technology. Export capabilities and to enhance such exports. These may include better Management of trade policies at international level, simplified procedures, better Incentives for high value-technology incentives exports etc. Export incentives can play an integral role in developing export qualification and can encourage exports by providing financial assistance to exporting companies to enable them to compete effectively in international markets.For federation African industries facing exchange rate fluctuations and constant threats of competitors in other develop ing markets, tools to enhance global access to key markets are imperative. In addition to benefits available under the African Growth and Opportunities Act (AGOA) (legislation passed in the United States of America), bilateral trade agreements such as the one between South Africa and the European Union, the General System of Preferences (GSPs), the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) and the International Trade system Commission (ITAC) provide assistance ranging from marketing support to export credits. The primary export incentives currently in operation in South Africa include ? Export marketing and investment assistance intent (EMIA) ? obligation Restructuring Program, ?Sector Assistance arrangement (SSAS), ?Rebate Provisions ?Export Credit and Foreign enthronization Reinsurance Scheme (ECRS), ? Duty Credit Certificate Scheme (DCCS), ?Motor Industry Development Program (MIDP), ?Sector partnership Fund, ?Export Credit Incentives and Export pay. EXPORT MARKETING AND inve stiture ASSISTANCE intrigue (EMIA)The purpose of the EMIA project is to partially compensate exporters for certain costs incurred in respect of activities aimed at developing export markets for South African products and to recruit new foreign direct investment into South Africa. Additional benefits are awarded to small, metier and micro-sized enterprises (SMMEs) and businesses owned by the previously disadvantaged. The financial assistance is in the form of reimbursement and is not a pre-paid benefit.TARIFF RESTRUCTURING plan By virtue of South Africas World Trade Organization (WTO) membership, import tariff levels are also being reduced and the import tariff listings are being simplified by cut down the number of tariff headings. Export incentives relate only to the export of goods destined for recognized export markets, which in general means to countries outside the Southern African Customs Union (SACU). SECTOR ASSISTANCE SCHEME (SSAS)Financial assistance is available to in dustry sectors with the objectives of developing new export markets broadening the export base elating the participation of SMMEs in the export sector, promoting black economic empowerment (BEE) and women empowerment within the overall objective of job creation. REBATE PROVISIONS Is aimed at the promotion of manufacturing and exportation of goods, and are available to certain manufacturing industries in respect of duties applicable to trade goods, raw frameworks and components used in manufacturing, processing and for export.EXPORT CREDIT AND FOREIGN INVESTMENT REINSURANCE SCHEME (ECRS) Provides exporters with insurance cover against political and transfer risks, as well as commercial and insolvency risks. A special dispensation exists for SMMEs. DUTY CREDIT CERTIFICATE SCHEME (DCCS) This connive is designed as a terminable kick-start measure to enhance the export competitiveness of certain prescribed textile and clothing products by crack duty credit certificates to qualifyin g exporters. These duty credit certificates could be used to off-set customs duties payable on import of similar products.MOTOR INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT PROGRAM (MIDP) Is available to motor vehicle assemblers and component manufacturers and exporters. The programme enables local vehicle and component manufacturers to increase production runs and encourages rationalization of the number of models manufactured by mode of exports and complementing import of vehicles and components. EXPORT CREDIT INCENTIVE Financing at reduced rates by the Investment Development Corporation (IDC). An export credit incentive is available to selected expansion schemes expected to result in increased foreign exchange earnings.Financing of credit for exporters of capital goods is also available through the IDC or private-sector merchant banks at reduced rates. ? Credit facilities under the export finance scheme for capital projects Credit facilities are available to exporters of capital projects under the Exp ort Finance Scheme for Capital Projects to allow them to compete internationally by offering buyers competitive rates denominated in US Dollars. FACILITIES AND INCENTIVES TO INDIAN EXPORTERS Promotion of export has been a major thrust area of the Ministry of Commerce And Industry for the last three decades.Apart from this. Many other exchange/State Ministries have also been involved in the promotion of Indias exports. Many Exports Promotion Councils, open Sector Undertakings, Chambers of Commerce, Industries Associations and Services Organizations are also contributing towards the promotion of Indian exports. The facilities and incentives presently available to the Indian exporters include the Following. MARKETING DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE (MDA) The Ministry of Commerce and Industry has a scheme of MDA, which was launched in 1963 with a view to stimulate and diversify the export trade, along with he development of marketing of Indian products and commodities abroad. The MDA is utiliz ed for Market research, commodity research, area survey and research Participation in trade fairs and exhibitions Export publicity and dissemination of information Trade delegation and study teams Establishment of offices and branches in abroad Grant-in-aid to Export Promotion Councils and other approved organizations for the development of exports and the promotion of foreign trade and any other scheme which is generally aimed at promoting the development of markets for Indian products and commodities abroad.MARKET ACCESS INITIATIVE (MAI) The Ministry of Commerce and Industry has introduced the MAI in April 2001 with the report that the Government shall assist the industry in R&D, market research, specific market and product studies, warehouse and retail marketing infrastructure in select countries and direct market promotion activities through media ad and buyer-seller meets. Financial assistance shall be available under the scheme to EPCs, industry and trade associations and o ther worthy activities, as may be notified from time to time. A small allocation of Rs 42 corer has been made for 2002-03. ? underlying ASSISTANCE TO STATES The State Governments shall be encouraged to fully participate in encouraging exports from their respective States. For this purpose, a new scheme Assistance to States for Infrastructural Development for Exports (ASIDE) has been initiated which would provide funds to the States based on the twin criteria or gross exports and the rate of growth of exports from different States. Eighty per cent of the total funds would be assign to the States based on the above criteria and remaining 20 per cent will brutalized by the Centre for mingled infrastructure activities that cut across State boundaries, etc.A coupling of Rs 49. 5 crore has already been sanctioned for 2001-02 and furthers a sum of Rs 330 crore has also been approved for 2002-03. The State shall utilize this amount for developing complementary and little infrastructure. TOWNS OF EXPORT chastity A number of towns in specific geographical locations have emerged as dynamic industrial locations and handsomely contributing to Indias exports. These industrial cluster-towns have been recognized with a view to maximizing their export profiles and attention in upgrading them to move up the higher value markets.A beginning is being made to consider industrial cluster towns such as Tripura for Hosiery, Panipat for Woolen Blankets and Ludhiana for Woolen knitwear. Common service providers in these areas shall be entitled for EPCG Scheme, funds under the MAI scheme for creating focused technological services, priority assistance for identified critical infrastructural gaps from the Scheme on Central Assistance to States. Units in these notified areas would be eligible for availing all the Exim Policy Scheme. The Government of India has framed several schemes to promote exports and to obtain foreign exchange.These schemes grants incentive and other benefits. The few important export incentives, from the point of view of indirect taxes are briefed below ? FREE TRADE ZONES (FTZ) Several FTZs have been accomplished at various places in India like Kandla, Noida, Cochin, etc. No fray duties are payable on goods manufactured in these zones provided they are made for export purpose. Goods being brought in these zones from different parts of the country are brought without the payment of any run into duty. Moreover, no customs duties are payable on merchandise raw material and components used in the manufacture of such goods being exported.If entire production is not sold outside the country, the unit has the provision of selling 25% of their production in India. On such sale, the excise duty is payable at 50% of basic plus additional customs or normal excise duty payable if the goods were produced elsewhere in India, whichever is higher. ELECTRONIC HARDWARE TECHNOLOGY set / SOFTWARE TECHNOLOGY PARKS This scheme is just like FTZ scheme, bu t it is restricted to units in the electronics and ready reckoner hardware and software sector. ADVANCE LICENCE / DUTY EXEMPTION ENTITLEMENT SCHEME (DEEC)In this scheme advance licence, either quantity based (Qbal) or value based (Vabal), is given to an exporter against which the raw materials and other components may be imported without payment of customs duty provided the manufactured goods are exported. These licence are transferable in the open market at a price. EXPORT PROMOTION CAPITAL GOODS SCHEME (EPCG) According to this scheme, a domestic manufacturer can import machinery and plant without paying customs duty or remission at a concessional rate of customs duty.But his undertakings should be as mentioned below Customs Duty RateExport ObligationTimetime 10%4 times exports (on FOB basis) of CIF value of machinery5 years Nil in reason CIF value is Rs200mn or more. 6 times exports (on FOB basis) of CIF value of machinery or 5 times exports on (NFE) basis of CIF value of mach inery. 8 years Nil in case CIF value is Rs50mn or more for agriculture, aquaculture, animal husbandry, floriculture, horticulture, bird and sericulture. 6 times exports (on FOB basis) of CIF value of machinery or 5 times exports on (NFE) basis of CIF value of machinery. years . Note- NFE stands for net foreign earnings. CIF stands for cost plus insurance plus freight cost of the machinery. FOB stands for Free on Board i. e. export value excluding cost of freight and insurance. DEEMED EXPORTS The Indian suppliers are entitled for the following benefits in respect of deemed exports ? Refund of excise duty paid on lowest products ?Duty drawback ?Imports under DEEC scheme ?Special import licenses based on value of deemed exports The following categories are treated as deemed exports for seller if the goods are manufactured in India 1.Supply of goods against duty free licences under DEEC scheme 2. Supply of goods to a 100 % EOU or a unit in a free trade zone or a unit in a software tec hnology park or a unit in a hardware technology park 3. Supply of goods to holders of licence under the EPCG scheme 4. Supply of goods to projects financed by multilateral or bilateral agencies or funds notified by the Finance Ministry under international competitive bidding or under limited tender systems in unanimity with the procedures of those agencies or funds where legal agreements provide for ender evaluation without including customs duty 5. Supply of capital goods and spares upto 10% of the FOR value to fertilizer plants under international competitive bidding 6. Supply of goods to any project or purpose in respect of which the Ministry of Finance permits by notification the import of goods at zero customs duty along with benefits of deemed exports to domestic supplies 7. Supply of goods to power, oil and gas sectors in respect of which the Ministry of Finance permits by notification benefits of deemed exports to domestic supplies MANUFACTURE UNDER BONDThis scheme furnishe s a bond with the manufacturer of adequate amount to undertake the export of his production. Against this the manufacturer is allowed to import goods without paying any customs duty, even if he obtain it from the domestic market without excise duty. The production is made under the supervision of customs or excise authority. DUTY DRAWBACK IT means the rebate of duty chargeable on imported material or excisable material used in the manufacturing of goods in and is exported.The exporter may claim drawback or refund of excise and customs duties being paid by his suppliers. The final exporter can claim the drawback on material used for the manufacture of export products. In case of re-import of goods the drawback can be claimed. The following are Drawbacks ?Customs paid on imported inputs plus excise duty paid on indigenous imports. ?Duty paid on fisticuffs material. Drawback is not allowed on inputs obtained without payment of customs or excise duty.In part payment of customs and exci se duty, rebate or refund can be claimed only on the paid part. In case of re-export of goods, it should be done within 2 years from the date of payment of duty when they were imported. 98% of the duty is allowable as drawback, only after inspection. If the goods imported are used before its re-export, the drawback will be allowed as at reduced per cent. ? key out Yash patel COLLEGE NAME Kamala Mehta College of commerce ROLL NO. 156 PROJECT NAME Export assistance and incentives CLASS T. Y. BCOM (B) ?